XRD & XRF  Shown above is our Siemens D 5000 X-ray diffraction unit with theta-two theta geometry, which is controlled by MDI Datascan software on a Windows XP platform. X-ray diffraction patterns of minerals are collected by MDI's Jade version 8.5 software, and identified by search/match module. Sample preparation for XRD is done by McCrone Micronizing Mill, which ground a sample to particles less than 10 micron in size. Spectrace QuanX II bench-top X-ray fluorescence unit is used for: (a) major and trace element analysis of rocks and minerals; (b) elemental analysis of metals, ceramic, and architectural artifacts; and, (c) elemental (oxide) analysis of cement and other building materials.